|  | VITAL STATISTICS REFERENCES | 
| aka | "also known as" / artist alias (name) | 
| am | Amateur | 
| app | Appointed to (position) (date) | 
| arr | Arrived / immigrated to (location) | 
| b | Born at (location) (date) | 
| coll | Artwork is in collection of (location) | 
| comm | Commissioned to (what, where, when) | 
| d | Died at (location) (date) | 
| ed | Educated at (location) (date) (if graduation not stated) | 
| emp | Employed by (name) or (occupation) | 
| exh | Exhibited at (location) (date) | 
| fl | Flourished (year) | 
| fndg | Founding (member) | 
| from | Moved from (location) (when birthplace not given) | 
| grad | Graduated from (location) (date) (degree) | 
| ill | Illustrated for (publication) | 
| l | Lived at (location) | 
| m | Married to (name) (date) | 
| mem | Member of (group) | 
| nee | Born as (name) | 
| obit | Obituary (source) (date) | 
| op | Opened (studio/business) | 
| p | Painted (subject matter) | 
| q.v. | Referenced in artist index (Latin: which see) | 
| rep | Represented by (gallery or art dealer) | 
| ret | Retired as (occupation) | 
| sub | Submitted artwork to (exhibition) (date) | 
| to | Moved to (location) (date) | 
|  |  | 
|  | PROVINCES | 
| AB | Alberta | 
| BC | British Columbia | 
| MB | Manitoba | 
| NB | New Brunswick | 
| NFLD | Newfoundland | 
| NS | Nova Scotia | 
| NWT | North West Territories | 
| ON | Ontario | 
| PEI | Prince Edward Island | 
| QC or PQ | Quebec | 
|  | (noted as per reference) | 
| SK | Saskatchewan | 
| YK | Yukon Territory | 
|  |  | 
|  | GROUPS, etc. | 
| AAM | Art Association of Montreal | 
| AASA | Associate (Member), Alberta Society of Artists | 
| ACA | Alberta College of Art | 
| AGGV | Art Gallery of Greater Victoria | 
| AHSAV | Art, Historical, and Scientific Association of Vancouver | 
| AIBC | Architectural Institute of British Columbia | 
| ARCA | Associate (Member), Royal Canadian Academy of Arts | 
| ARCA | Associate (Member), Royal College of Art, London England | 
| ARIBA | Associate (Member), Royal Institute of British Architects | 
| ARPS | Associate (Member), Royal Photographic Society, Britain | 
| ARWS | Associate (Member), Royal Watercolor Society, Britain | 
| ASA | Alberta Society of Artists | 
| AVA | Avenue for/des Arts, Vancouver | 
| BAG | Burnaby Art Gallery | 
| BCDir | British Columbia annual directory | 
| BCA | British Columbia Artist (Designation) | 
| BCA | British Columbia Artists (Annual Exhibition) | 
| BCAL | British Columbia Art League | 
| BCCA | British Columbia College of Art | 
| BCSA | British Columbia Society of Artists (formerly 
BCSFA) | 
| BCSFA | British Columbia Society of Fine Arts | 
| CAG | Contemporary Art Gallery (Vancouver) | 
| CARFAC | Canadian Artists' Representation | 
| CC1, CC2 | Creative Canada, Volumes One and Two | 
| CGP | Canadian Group of Painters | 
| CHS | Charles H. Scott Gallery (ECUAD) | 
| CSGA | Canadian Society of Graphic Artists | 
| CSMA | Canadian Society of Marine Artists | 
| CSPE | Canadian Society of Painters and Etchers | 
| CSPWC | Canadian Society of Painters in Water Colour | 
| ECCAD | Emily Carr College of Art + Design | 
| ECIAD | Emily Carr Institute of Art + Design | 
| ECUAD | Emily Carr University of Art + Design | 
| FCA | Federation of Canadian Artists | 
| FRSA | Fellow, Royal Society of Artists (Britain) | 
| G7 | Group of Seven | 
| G11 | Group of Eleven | 
| IACS | Island Arts & Crafts Society | 
| IIS | Island Illustrators Society | 
| KaAG | Kamloops Art Gallery | 
| KAG | Kelowna Art Gallery | 
| KSA | Kootenay School of Art | 
| M | Macdonald's Dictionary of Canadian Artists | 
| MAIBC | Member, Architectural Institute of British Columbia | 
| MBCSA | Member, British Columbia Society of Architects | 
| MM | McMann's Montreal Museum Spring Exhibitions 
(see AAM) | 
| MPS | Malaspina Printmakers Society | 
| MRAIC | Member, Royal Architectural Institute of Canada | 
| NGC | National Gallery of Canada, Ottawa | 
| NSCAD | Nova Scotia College of Art & Design | 
| OCA | Ontario College of Art | 
| OSA | Ontario Society of Artists | 
| PAC | Palette & Chisel Club | 
| PASOVAS | Pioneer Art Students of Vancouver Art School | 
| PNE | Pacific National Exhibition | 
| PNS | Provincial Normal School | 
| PRCA | President, Royal Canadian Academy of Arts | 
| RA | Royal Academy (British) | 
| RAIC | Royal Architectural Institute of Canada | 
| RBA | Royal Association of British Artists (Britain) | 
| RCA | Royal Canadian Academy of Arts | 
| RIBA | Royal Institute of British Architects (Britain) | 
| RMS | Royal Miniature Society (Britain) | 
| RSA | Royal Society of Artists (Britain) | 
| RWS | Royal Watercolour Society (Britain) | 
| SA | (School of Art) | 
| SAAG | Southern Alberta Art Gallery (Lethbridge) | 
| SPIP49 | Stanley Park In Pictures exhibition / year | 
| SSBC | Sculpture Society of British Columbia | 
| SSC | Sculpture Society of Canada | 
| TRU | Thomson River University, Kamloops | 
| UBC | University of British Columbia, Vancouver | 
| UCFV | University College of the Fraser Valley | 
| UVic | University of Victoria, Victoria | 
| VAA | Vancouver Art Association | 
| VACA | Vancouver Arts and Crafts Association | 
| VAG | Vancouver Art Gallery | 
| VanExh | Vancouver Exhibition | 
| VanSk | Vancouver Sketch Club | 
| VCA | Vancouver City Archives | 
| VCC | Vancouver Community College | 
| VPL | Vancouver Public Library | 
| VSA | Vancouver School of Art | 
| VSB | Vancouver School Board | 
| VSC | Vancouver Studio Club and School of Art | 
| VSDAA | Vancouver School of Decorative and Applied Arts | 
| VVI | Vancouver Vocational Institute | 
| WAG | Winnipeg Art Gallery | 
| WSA | Winnipeg School of Art | 
| WWNA | Who's Who in Northwest Art |